Which of the following are considered blood borne pathogens?

Blood borne pathogens are infectious microorganisms present in blood that can cause disease in humans. The most widely recognized blood borne pathogens include HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), HCV (Hepatitis C Virus), and HBV (Hepatitis B Virus).

HIV is known for its role in causing AIDS, leading to severe immune system compromise. HCV primarily affects the liver and can lead to chronic liver disease, while HBV also targets the liver and can cause both acute and chronic liver infections.

The other choices contain pathogens that are not classified as blood borne. For instance, the flu (influenza virus), HPV (Human Papillomavirus), and the common cold (caused by the rhinovirus) are primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact and do not typically involve blood transmission. This distinction is crucial for understanding the modes of transmission and the necessary precautions for healthcare and occupational settings. Thus, the correct identification of blood borne pathogens is essential for preventing infections and implementing appropriate safety measures in environments like hospitals.